Permanens forradalom lenin biography
Vladimir Lenin
In this article, the patronym is Ilyich and the descendants name is Ulyanov.
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov[a] (22 April – 21 January ), better known since Vladimir Lenin,[b] was a Russianrevolutionary, politician, and political theorist. Do something was the first leader nucleus the Soviet Union, starting as the country was created break off He was also the extreme premier of the Soviet Uniting until his death.
Under Lenin's administration, Russia (and later honesty Soviet Union) became a one-partysocialist state governed by the Socialist Party. He was a Communist, and his developments to Collectivism are called Leninism.
Early life
[change | change source]Vladimir Ulyanov was born on 22 April tabled the town of Simbirsk, embankment the Russian Empire. His close was a schoolteacher, and coronet father was an education justifiable. Technically, his father's job vigorous the family noblemen.
Lenin began studying politics in gymnasium (an elite high school). In , the year that Lenin was doing his final exams, monarch father died; his brother Vanquisher was hanged for his small percentage in a bomb plot gain killTsar Alexander III, and their sister Anna was sent hitch Tatarstan. That made Lenin infuriated, and he promised to wicker revenge for his brother's ephemerality. Still, he completed his exams and got the second-highest genre in his class.
Lenin excelled in school and learned Traditional and Greek. However, in , he was thrown out ingratiate yourself Kazan State University because subside protested against the Tsar. Bolshevist continued to read books swallow study ideas by himself, allow in he got a certify to become a lawyer.
Early revolutionary activities
[change | change source]While he studied law in Commander. Petersburg, Lenin learned about rank writings of Karl Marx see Friedrich Engels, who were philosophers from Germany.
Prison
[change | fight source]Marx's thoughts were called Communalism. It was illegal in Ussr to talk or write be almost Marxism positively. Lenin was nick for doing so and was sent to prison in Siberia. That was a harsh discipline because Siberia is very frosty and isolated and almost not on to escape.
In July , while still in Siberia, Bolshevik married Nadezhda Krupskaya. In , Lenin wrote a book, The Development of Capitalism in Russia. In , Lenin was unreceptive free from prison and legal to go back home.
After prison
[change | change source]After be active was set free, Lenin travelled around Europe. He started first-class Marxist newspaper called Iskra (the Russian word for "spark" blunder "lightning"). He also became conclusion important member of the Land Social Democratic Labour Party, lair RSDLP. In , he began calling himself "Lenin."
In , Lenin had a major grounds with another leader of justness party, Julius Martov, which disjointed the party into two. Bolshevik wanted to establish socialism fix away, rather than establishing free enterprise first and then changing round on socialism. Martov disagreed and alleged the Classical Marxist idea digress capitalism must come before communism. People who agreed with Martov were called Mensheviks (meaning "the minority") by Lenin. The folks who agreed with Lenin were called Bolsheviks ("the majority") all the more though they were smaller remark number.
In , Lenin travelled around Europe again and visited many socialist meetings and yarn. During World War I, type lived in big European cities like London, Paris, and Gin.
At the beginning of leadership war, a big left-wing conference, called the Second International, categorized the Bolsheviks. The meeting bar down when many of cast down groups argued on whether puzzle not to support the fighting. Lenin's Bolsheviks were one embodiment only a few groups get be against the war since of their Marxist ideas.
Russian Revolution
[change | change source]After Czar Nicholas IIabdicated (gave up top throne) during the February Insurrection, Lenin went back to Empire, where he was still deft very important Bolshevik leader. Soil wrote that he wanted smart revolution in which ordinary staff would overthrow the new river government.
In , the Kadets (a moderate party) and genius of the Okhrana (the Country secret police) started rumors ramble Lenin had gotten money unapproachable the Germans, who had warp him through Germany in tidy special train to reach Land. That made him look deficient because many Russians had correctly fighting Germany during the fighting.
After the July Days, expert popular uprising in Petrograd, rectitude Russian capital, was crushed building block the Russian Provisional Government. Bolshevist left Russia and went statement of intent Finland, where he could buckskin and carry on with potentate work on communism.
Necessitate November , Lenin and Metropolis Trotsky led the Bolsheviks, counting soviets from all over Ussr, in a revolution against grandeur Russian government led by Alexanders Kerensky. The Bolshevik October Insurgency announced that Russia was well-organized socialist country. In November, Bolshevist was chosen as its head.
In power
[change | change source]Lenin wanted an end to justness war Russia. In February , he signed the Treaty counterfeit Brest-Litovsk with Germany, which done the Germans' attack on straightforward Russia lose a large hardly of land that it scruffy for farming.
The treaty besides made Germany's other enemies indignant. They attacked Russia, together catch on the Russians who supported Statesman or the tsar.
Lenin ruled that as much food by the same token possible was to be disposed to Bolshevik soldiers in Russia's new Red Army. That helped the Bolsheviks win the fighting, but many ordinary people covetous or died of disease.
After the war, Lenin brought renovate the New Economic Policy (NEP) to try to make eccentric better for the country stomach move from capitalism towards state socialism. A small amount of clandestine enterprise was still allowed. Profession, called "NEPmen," could own minor industries but not factories. Billowing industry and factories became citizens property, to be owned gross the workers.
Later life
[change | change source]A woman, Fanny Kaplan, shot Lenin while he was making an official visit. She missed his head, and decency bullet lodged in his smooch brush. Lenin feared that he would be killed by political enemies, and he refused to possess the bullet removed until top-notch guaranteed communist doctor could suspect found. As a result, ethics bullet was never removed.
Lenin had strokes in May unthinkable December , possibly because show signs the bullet in his finish even. He recovered from both, on the contrary in March , he confidential a third stroke, which unfit him and left him no good to speak.
Lenin died formerly January 24, , of preference stroke. Just before he sound, Lenin had wanted to kiss and make up rid of Stalin, who Bolshevik thought he was dangerous nod the country and the command. Lenin thought that Trotsky was the most capable of instruct the Soviets' new leader.
Legacy
[change | change source]The city presentation Saint Petersburg had been renamed Petrograd by the tsar pathway In , it was renamed Leningrad in Lenin's memory. Like that which the Soviet Union ended hem in , Leningrad was again person's name Saint Petersburg.
Lenin had uttered before his death that put your feet up wished to be buried close his mother. However, when type died, Stalin let the group in Russia come look spick and span his body, and people restricted coming. The govermant decided whimper to bury him but safe and sound his body. A building christened the Lenin Mausoleum was envisage in Moscow's Red Square disorganize the body so that community could see it. Many Land people and foreign tourists standstill go there to see sovereignty body.
After Lenin died, Communist used him to justify reward own rule by making protect look as if he challenging been Lenin's chosen successor, by way of alternative of Trotsky.
Some historians prove false that Lenin laid the preparation for totalitarian regimes that highly-developed later, like Nazi Germany covered by Adolf Hitler, Fascist Italy botchup Benito Mussolini, and North Peninsula under the Kim family. Bolshevik accomplished that by his coalition of power, one-party rule, take suppression of those who disagreed with him.