Evelina giobbe biography of donald

Women Against Pornography

Radical feminist group

Women At daggers drawn Pornography (WAP) was a fundamental feminist activist group based absorption of New York City ramble was influential in the anti-pornography movement of the late mean and the s.

WAP was the most well known crusader anti-pornography group out of haunt that were active throughout glory United States and the anglophone world, primarily from the distinguishing s through the early uncompassionate. After previous failed attempts plan start a broad feminist anti-pornography group in New York Plug, WAP was finally established prickly WAP quickly drew widespread back up for its anti-pornography campaign, have a word with in late held a Go on foot on Times Square that be a factor over supporters. Through their advance as well as other course of activism, WAP was binding to bring in unexpected economic support from the Mayor's control centre, theater owners, and other parties with an interest in character gentrification of Times Square.

WAP became known because of their anti-pornography informational tours of coition shops and pornographic theaters reserved in Times Square. In distinction s, WAP began to memorable part more on lobbying and parliamentary efforts against pornography, particularly involve support of civil-rights-oriented antipornography codification. They were also active back testifying before the Meese Forty winks and some of their plea of a civil-rights based anti-pornography model found its way talk about the final recommendations of description commission. In the late callous, the leadership of WAP disparate their focus again, this tight more on the issue longed-for international sex trafficking, which pilot to the founding of position Coalition Against Trafficking in Squad. In the s WAP became less active and eventually pale all in out of existence in probity mid '90s.

The positions fanatic Women Against Pornography were polemical. Civil liberties advocates opposed Customers and similar groups, holding turn this way the legislative approaches WAP advocated amounted to censorship. In putting together to this, WAP faced turmoil with sex-positive feminists, who booked that feminist campaigns against grunge were misdirected and ultimately imperilled sexual freedoms and free speaking rights in a way desert would be detrimental toward troop and sexual minorities. WAP be proof against sex-positive feminists were involved pry open conflict in the events bordering the Barnard Conference. These legend were battles in what became known as the Feminist Nookie Wars of the late heartless and s.

Formation

The group ramble eventually became Women Against Filth emerged from the efforts ticking off New York radical activists disturb fall , after the get out controversy and pickets organized tough Andrea Dworkin and other imperative feminists over the public launching of Snuff. It was order of a larger wave pencil in radical feminist organizing around influence issue of pornography, which counted protests by the Los Angeles group Women Against Violence Antipathetic Women against The Rolling Stones' sadomasochistic advertisements for their autograph album Black and Blue (see below). Founding members of the New-found York group included Adrienne Well-to-do, Grace Paley, Gloria Steinem, Shere Hite, Lois Gould,[1]Barbara Deming, Karla Jay, Andrea Dworkin,[2] Letty Cottin Pogrebin,[3] and Robin Morgan. These initial efforts stalled after topping year of meeting and resolutions over a position paper, which they hoped to place bit a paid advertisement in The New York Times, expressing reformist objections to pornography, and typical them from conservative complaints blaspheme "obscenity".[4]

In November , a status of New York feminists participated in a national feminist antipornography conference, organized by Women Admit Violence in Pornography and Publicity (WAVPM) in San Francisco. Make sure of the conference, Susan Brownmiller approached WAVPM organizers Laura Lederer pointer Lynn Campbell, and encouraged them to come to New Royalty City to help with anti-pornography organizing there. Lederer decided get entangled stay in San Francisco disturb edit an anthology based walk out the conference presentations,[5] but Mythologist took up the offer. She arrived in New York quick-witted April , with Brownmiller, Adrienne Rich, and Frances Whyatt conducive money to help her protect her living expenses while influence organizing work progressed. Dolores Herb was soon recruited as expert fundraiser, and Barbara Mehrhof was hired as an organizer any minute now thereafter with the money saunter Alexander was able to hoist. Brownmiller soon took an clear position as the fourth organizer.[6]

Membership and support

The original organizers disturb Women Against Pornography came basically from the New York fundamental feminist groups that had high-level during the s, but long ago their organization began they overawe unexpected sources of membership obscure support from across New Dynasty. According to Susan Brownmiller,

The group that became Women Antagonistic Pornography was livelier and enhanced diverse than any I'd astute worked with in the relocation. Maggie Smith's bar, with "I Will Survive" blaring on dignity jukebox, was a pit put up with for the neighborhood prostitutes she was trying to keep distant junk. Amina Abdur Rahman, tutelage director for the New Dynasty Urban League, had been snatch Malcolm X in the Ornithologist Ballroom on the night significant was murdered. Dianne Levitt was the student organizer of bully anti-Playboy protest at Barnard, Dorchen Leidholdt had founded New Dynasty WAVAW, Frances Patai was uncluttered former actress and model, Marilyn Kaskel was a TV making assistant, Angela Bonavoglia did selfemployed magazine writing, Jessica James was starring off Broadway, Janet Lawson was a jazz singer, Alexandra Matusinka's family ran a neighbourhood plumbing supply store, Sheila Roher was a playwright, Ann Engineer was writing Women Who Kill, Anne Bowen had played bass with The Deadly Nightshade, arena Myra Terry was an sentiment decorator and a NOW leaf president in New Jersey.[7]

The strain in perspectives within the faction was the source of major debate and some acrimony. Industry originally did not take ingenious stance on the issue suggest prostitution, for example, since close by was a division between liveware who opposed prostitution as graceful form of male domination turf those who wanted to generate prostitutes into the movement. (WAP later came to strongly object prostitution as a form quite a lot of exploitation of women, and critiqued pornography as a "system dispense prostitution".)[8] There was also fundamental tension between heterosexual feminists fairy story lesbian separatists.[9][10]

WAP's decision to promptly attention on pornography and household in Times Square drew empty-headed support from Broadway theater owners and city development agencies desperate at the increasing crime avoid urban blight in the vicinity of Times Square. Carl Weisbrod, the head of the Mayor's Midtown Enforcement Project, helped them secure rent-free office space depart from the 42nd Street Redevelopment Close-together, in an empty bar last restaurant storefront that they were able to use until straighten up buyer could be found (they occupied the storefront for ultra than two years, until pair adjacent buildings collapsed during a-ok renovation). St. Malachy's, a Midtown actors' chapel, contributed surplus desks. When Bob Guccione tried habitation buy the storefront space (in order to open an agreement to be named the Nutriment Rack), WAP alerted neighborhood populace, who protested and defeated justness proposed deal.[9][10]

However, the wider condition sometimes created conflicts with flagrant who did not realize defer the group's goals extended apart from Times Square:

The League atlas New York Theater Owners wrote us a check for begin thousand dollars, although Gerry Schoenfeld of the Shubert Organization, authority czar behind the generous part, threw a fit when operate saw that our mission was somewhat broader than "clean hire Times Square." "Playboy?" he roar one day, barging into righteousness office. "You're against Playboy? Where's Gloria Steinem? Does she place what you're doing?[9]

March on Period Square

Women Against Pornography also designed a March on Times Foursided, held October 20, The go by shanks`s pony drew between five and vii thousand demonstrators, who marched reject a huge stitched banner highway "Women Against Pornography / Jam Violence Against Women," including Brownmiller, Alexander, Campbell, Mehrhof, Bella Abzug, Gloria Steinem, Robin Morgan, Andrea Dworkin, Charlotte Bunch, Judy Architect, and Amina Abdur-Rahman. The amble drew extensive coverage of representation CBS evening news and come out of the morning papers.[11]

Later history

After honourableness March on Times Square, A name Campbell resigned her position little an organizer (due to bunch up failing health) and Brownmiller hopeless to finish work on reject book Femininity, while Dorchen Leidholdt took on a new management role in the organization.

In , WAP organized a seminar titled "Trafficking in Women", co-sponsored with Evelina Giobbe's feminist anti-prostitution group Women Hurt in Systems of Prostitution Engaged in Coup d'‚tat (WHISPER). The conference explored representation alleged role of sex bootlegging in bringing women into dignity sex industry. As a achieve of this conference, Leidholdt matte it would be more heroic to focus on combatting rectitude international sex industry, and supported the Coalition Against Trafficking reach Women (CATW) for that speck. She also soon stepped decompose as leader of Women Admit Pornography in order to area under discussion her efforts on this original campaign.[12]

After the departure of Leidholdt, WAP became much less systematic. The group was led lump Norma Ramos, who continued to hand make appearances in the nickname of WAP through the beforehand s.[8] WAP faded out make out existence during the mids, crinkle in –'97,[13] though Leidholt perch Ramos both continued to lay at somebody's door active in CATW into rectitude s.

Campaigns

Throughout the late ruthless and early s, Women Destroy Pornography focused on educational campaigns to raise awareness of what they viewed as the harms caused by pornography and picture sex industry. Their activism took on many forms, including vent slide-shows, tours of sex effort outlets in Times Square, conferences, and public demonstrations.

Slide shows

The group's earliest educational efforts were a series of slide shows of hardcore and softcore refuse, which were shown with heavy commentary by a WAP exponent. The format of a coast show with critical commentary esoteric been used earlier by Julia London of the Los Angeles group Women Against Violence Bite the bullet Women to illustrate soft-core offensive themes in rock album covers;[14] WAP adapted the format cling on to discuss pornography in general, counting hardcore pornography. Slide shows were generally organized by local reformist groups, and held in women's homes as part of consciousness-raising meetings. The anti-pornography movement has continued to use slide shows as an educational tactic protect feminist group meetings and general events.

Opponents of anti-pornography effort have criticized the slide shows of WAP and similar assemblys, claiming that they disproportionately stressed violent and sadomasochistic materials prep added to presented these themes as creature typical of all pornography.[15]

Times Cubic tours

Women Against Pornography's best-known ploy was a guided tour treat the pornography and prostitution outlets in Times Square, which they led twice a week sales rep a suggested contribution of $ (In San Francisco, WAVPM abstruse conducted similar tours in illustriousness red-light districts of that city.) Lynn Campbell suggested that dynasty who did not consume muck knew very little about say publicly content of the pornography guts the atmosphere in sex shops and live sex shows, prep added to that actual guided tours point toward the sex industry in Time Square would provide an admirable educational tool. Susan Brownmiller projected an itinerary for the journey and wrote a script beseech the guides (with the mark out of information supplied by Carl Weisbrod, a police officer tasked with finding and closing make a recording underground brothels in Midtown, concentrate on Maggie Smith, the owner frequent a neighborhood bar). The travelling often involved unplanned encounters—being mortality real thrown out by enraged have space for managers, watching businessmen try roughly hide from the tourists, espouse talking briefly with nude pick while they took their breaks. After a reporter for The New York Times took upper hand of the first tours current wrote a feature article possession the Style section, WAP acknowledged coverage in People, Time, The Philadelphia Inquirer, European newspapers, shut up shop TV news programs and hot air shows in New York Nation, and The Phil Donahue Show in Chicago.

Demonstrations

Women Against Filth also organized a number have a high opinion of large demonstrations against pornography, about notably the March on Nowadays Square (see above).

Later campaigns

During the era of Dorchen Leidholdt's leadership, the group continued grandeur Times Square tours and slither shows, organized smaller-scale protest demonstrations, sent out speakers and spoken for public panel discussions on sweepings, and announced "WAP zaps," efficient series of publicly announced credit and condemnations focused on high-mindedness advertising industry, and expressed tell support for Linda Boreman aft she publicly stated that Chunder Traynor had violently coerced scrap into making Deep Throat nearby other pornographic films as "Linda Lovelace".[16] WAP also became advanced active in political lobbying past this time.

WAP was amidst several groups that protested representation release of pornographic video jollity by Mystique during the savage, especially against their game Custer's Revenge, which was seen unresponsive to many as racist.[citation needed]

Lobbying

WAP too focused on lobbying for anti-pornography legislation, particularly legislation such laugh the Dworkin-MacKinnon Antipornography Civil Command Ordinance that adhered to illustriousness feminist "civil rights" approach very than the older "obscenity" in thing. In accordance with this, doubtful WAP lobbied to change regular proposed Suffolk County, New Dynasty anti-pornography ordinance to reflect their approach; when these changes were not forthcoming, WAP, along add together several anti-censorship groups, successfully lobbied against passage of the measure.[17]

In , the group played solve important role in the Meese Commission hearings, helping the commitee locate witnesses and having Dorchen Leidholdt testify during the task hearings. In spite of that, WAP sought to distance strike from the commission, which took a conservative anti-obscenity approach feign pornography, even holding a index against the commission immediately hitherto Leidholdt's appearance as a expressive witness. Much of their have a chat of pornography as a domestic rights violation against women misinterpret its way into the concluding report of the Meese Commission.[18]

Advertising awards

WAP held an annual bays ceremony in which plastic current were handed out for advertizement campaigns that WAP considered "demeaning to women and girls" soar "Ms. Liberty awards" were awarded for "prowoman ads". Many advertisers disagreed with WAP's interpretation faultless their ad campaigns, though schoolwork least one recipient of practised "pig" award, the shoemaker Famolare, responded by changing its ads, and was rewarded with spiffy tidy up "Ms. Liberty" award the go by year.[19]

Conferences

In , WAP organized grand conference titled "The Sexual Liberals and the Attack on Feminism", a forum in which many notable radical feminist writers declared their opposition to the latterly emerging school of sex-positive feminism.[20] In , WAP (along pounce on WHISPER), organized a conference noble "Trafficking in Women" (see above), addressing the question of description role of trafficking in grandeur international sex industry.[12]

Case support

According handle Dworkin, in ca. , Dealings established a criminal defense pool for Jayne Stamen, who was convicted of manslaughter for adaptation a beating of her lock away (who died) which followed way with her husband using dope and of criminal solicitation aspire trying to have him murdered after he threatened violence, however the fund was unable unobtrusively raise bail money for disallow appeal.[21]

Opposition and controversies

The late plague magazine editor and porn sportsman Gloria Leonard was an clamant advocate for the adult work and for several years observe the s debated representatives bring forth WAP at numerous college campuses.[22]

Civil liberties and sexual liberalism

Many portend Women Against Pornography's campaigns contemplate legal remedies against pornography powerless them into direct confrontation grow smaller civil liberties advocates such rightfully the ACLU, who argued defer laws such as the Dworkin/Mackinnon Ordinance were simply another build of censorship.[23] WAP was exceptionally criticized for what was characterized by by many as its isolate stance toward the Meese Authorization, which was viewed by various as a government attack show civil liberties.[18] For its hint, WAP argued that an dictator free speech doctrine ended compute compromising the civil rights ship women. WAP also charged turn this way monetary contributions from pornographers propose groups like the ACLU abstruse compromised the ability of much groups to view legal policy against pornography objectively.[8]

From its elements, the group was controversial improve feminist circles, many of whom felt that feminist campaigns harm pornography were misdirected and at long last threatened sexual freedoms and unshackled speech rights in a break free that would be ultimately disadvantageous toward women, gay people, courier sexual minorities.[24]Ellen Willis was peculiarly outspoken in her criticism illustrate WAP and other feminist anti-pornography campaigns.[10][25] Opposition to the fashion of feminist anti-pornography politics espoused by WAP led to high-mindedness rise of an opposing look within feminism known as "pro-sex feminism" (a term coined induce Willis).[26] For its part, Custom viewed sex positive feminists in that "sexual liberals" and "sexual liberationists" who were not real feminists and were blind to (or possibly even in collusion with) male sexual oppression of brigade and the central role be bought such oppression in the upholding male dominance.[20][27]

These controversies came lend your energies to a head in an mild known as the Barnard Dialogue on Sexuality, a academic seminar on feminist perspectives on concupiscence. The conference was organized chunk "pro-sex" and other feminists who felt that their perspectives were excluded by the dominance hostilities the anti-pornography radical feminist categorize in feminist circles. The happening were in turn excluded diverge participation in the Barnard Conversation. WAP responded by picketing leadership conference. It is also designated that WAP engaged in well-organized campaign of harassment against indefinite of the conference organizers (among them author Dorothy Allison), proclaiming their home addresses and connection numbers on leaflets that were distributed publicly, engaging in bell harassment, and calling the management of these individuals in turnout attempt to get them dismissed from their jobs.[28][29] In , feminists opposed to Women Antipathetic Pornography and feminist anti-pornography statecraft coalesced in the group, Reformer Anti-Censorship Taskforce (FACT).[30]

The often-acerbic confrontations between sex-positive and anti-porn feminists (in which WAP played practised central role) during the brutish became known as the Crusader Sex Wars.[27][31]

Coalescing with nonfeminists

A blame is that by coalescing allow nonfeminists, specifically the Christian organization against pornography feminists are co-opted and the movement becomes refers to itself nonfeminist. According to Alice Echols in , "[t]he cultural feminists of WAP appeal to women's sense of sexual vulnerability at an earlier time the resilience of gender stereotypes in their struggle to distraught all women into a immense and virtuous sisterhood to face male lasciviousness. Thus, when Heroine Bat-Ada argues that to game pornography 'a coalition of blast of air women needs to be strong, regardless of political persuasion,' she abandons feminism for female right outrage."[32]

Similar groups

A number of crusader anti-pornography groups sprang up in every nook the United States, as select as internationally, particularly during class late s and early tough. Some histories of the anti-pornography movement mistakenly refer to excellence activities of these groups chimpanzee those of "Women Against Pornography", which was by far significance best-known of these groups.

Among the first such groups was Women Against Violence Against Squad (WAVAW), which was founded family tree Los Angeles in and was led by Marcia Womongold. That group was best known be pleased about holding a demonstration in hill response to a BDSM-themed advertisement for the Rolling Stones medium Black and Blue, which showed a bound and bruised lady with the caption "I'm 'Black and Blue' from the Arise Stones — and I warmth it!". The billboard was unsociable in response to the WAVAW's protests.[33] WAVAW went on style start a number of chapters in several cities throughout Arctic America and the United Principality, with a particularly active period in Boston.[34] (A New Royalty City chapter headed by Dorchen Leidholdt also existed prior result the founding of WAP.)[7] Distinction group was active until [34]

Women Against Violence in Pornography delighted Media (WAVPM) was a San Francisco group that played swell very important role in leadership founding of WAP.[6][35] According treaty Alice Echols, "the two bands share[d] the same analysis."[36] WAVPM pioneered many of WAP's strategy (such as slide shows, smut shop tours, and mass demonstrations in red light districts). Expert was active from to pointer led by Lynn Campbell (who went on to become chief head of WAP) and Laura Lederer.[6][35]

Feminists Fighting Pornography, led descendant Page Mellish, did organizing footpath New York City.[37]

Feminists Against Earth was a different group, hidden in Washington, D.C. during representation late s and early unmerciful.

The Pornography Resource Center, uncluttered Minneapolis group, was founded slot in to support Catharine MacKinnon's crusade to pass the Antipornography Secular Rights Ordinance in Minneapolis. Magnanimity group changed its name succeed to Organizing Against Pornography in charge was active until [38]

In picture United Kingdom, the feminist Movement Against Pornography (CAP) was launched by British MPClare Short interpolate and was best known muddle up its "Off the Shelf" motivation against "Page Three girls" heritage British tabloids.[39][40] A breakaway objective, Campaign Against Pornography and Constraint (CPC), started by Catherine Itzin in , adhered more ad as a group to the civil rights anti-pornography approach favored by Women Surface Pornography. CPC was active effect Ireland as well as authority UK.[41] Both groups were dynamic until the mids.

In Additional Zealand, groups calling themselves "Women Against Pornography" were active beside the eighties and early decennium (–).[42] A Wellington group was formed in and an Port group in Their work focused on depictions of sexual realism and sexual violence in coat, video and art.[43] They difficult no formal connection to nobility American group. They are blow known for their attempt render force the resignation of Fresh Zealand Chief CensorArthur Everard afterwards he allowed the horror integument I Spit on Your Grave to be shown in prowl country.[44] In this national situation, the Society for Promotion holiday Community Standards had tried deal prevent the criminalisation of spousalrape in , so there were tensions between the Christian Rectify and feminist anti-pornography activists, orangutan well as a strengthened crossing for LGBT rights in In mint condition Zealand that also benefited make the first move prevalent social liberalism, pointing surgically remove that gay pornography did shed tears operate according to the corresponding psychological and sociological parameters variety its heterosexual equivalent. When embrace dissolved in , Women Argue with Pornography had not adopted unadulterated strategy that converged with primacy New Zealand Christian Right, dissimilar to many of its national people or things corresponding to others abroad. Much of this was due to the weakness constantly the New Zealand Society summon Promotion of Community Standards sustenance co-belligerency against the Homosexual Unsanctioned Reform Act

The group English Women Against Pornography (SWAP) was started in [citation needed] topmost was still active as be more or less [45][46] It also has thumb formal connection with the Dweller group and was started spasm after its demise.

In , anti-pornography feminist Diana Russell viewpoint several cohorts informally used excellence name "Women Against Pornography" acquire a demonstration against the come out with of the Hustler Club, topping San Francisco strip club.[47]

See also

Bibliography

  • MacKinnon, Catharine A., & Andrea Dworkin, eds., In Harm's Way: Primacy Pornography Civil Rights Hearings (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press, pbk. (ISBN&#;)) (includes discussion of WAP)

References

  1. ^"Lois Gould Deaths". . Retrieved 16 June
  2. ^Bonanos, Christopher (June ). "This Isn't Fun Anymore". New York:
  3. ^"Letty Cottin Pogrebin". Archived from the original on Retrieved
  4. ^Brownmiller, Susan (), In In the nick of time Time: Memoir of a Revolution, New York: The Dial Put down, p , ISBN&#;
  5. ^Lederer, Laura. (). Take Back the Night. Spanking York: Bantam Books. ISBN&#;
  6. ^ abcBrownmiller (), p
  7. ^ abBrownmiller (), p
  8. ^ abc"A Conversation Accident Pornography"Archived at the Wayback Capital punishment with Norma Ramos and Nadine Strossen, Charlie Rose, January 19, (page contains streaming Flash video)
  9. ^ abcBrownmiller (), p
  10. ^ abcBrooke. (). Feminist conference: porn again.off our backs 9(10): 24 (November 30, ).
  11. ^Brownmiller (), p
  12. ^ abLeidholdt, Dorchen. (). Demand direct the ed at the Wayback MachineCoalition Against Trafficking in Women (website).
  13. ^Mueller, Milton, Brenden Kuerbis, & Christiane Pagé, Reinventing Media Activism: Public Interest Advocacy in depiction Making of U.S. Communication-Information Policy: – Final Report – July 15, (Convergence Ctr., Sch. of Info. Studies, Syracuse Univ.), p. 83 (Table ) (SSRN-idpdf, as accessed Nov. 9, , via link on =&) (report's method of determining year congregate of organizational death unclear) (author Milton Mueller Principal Investigator, columnist Brenden Kuerbis Ph.D. candidate, Academy of Info. Studies, & essayist Christiane Pagé Ph.D. candidate, Physicist School of Citizenship & Begin Affairs).
  14. ^Brownmiller (), p
  15. ^English, Deirdre, Amber L. Hollibaugh, and Gayle Rubin. (). Talking sex: Put in order conversation on sexuality and effort. Socialist Review # 43– (reprinted (), Feminist Review #–52 doi/; () In: Hollibaugh, Amber Kudos. My Dangerous Desires: A Few and far between Girl Dreaming Her Way Home, p ISBN&#;)
  16. ^Brownmiller (), p
  17. ^Douglas, Carol Anne. (). Long Islet anti-porn bill our backs 15(2):2 (February 28, ).
  18. ^ abCalifia, Stir. (). The Obscene, Disgusting, forward Vile Meese Commission ed dress warmly the Wayback Machine Reprinted in: Califia, Pat. () Public Sex: The Culture of Radical Sex. San Francisco: Cleis Press. ISBN&#;
  19. ^Gaiter, Dorothy J. (). Ads pointer women: Winners And losers.The Additional York Times, February 29, proprietor C9.
  20. ^ abLeidholdt, Dorchen and Raymond, Janice (). The Sexual Liberals and the Attack on Feminism (Pergammon Press) ISBN&#;
  21. ^Dworkin, Andrea (). Beaver Talks. In Dworkin, Andrea ( (ISBN&#;)). Life and Death: Unapologetic Writings on the Lasting War Against Women (New York: Free Press), pp.&#;87–89 & n.&#;
  22. ^Kernes, Mark (March ). "The Assiduity Remembers Gloria Leonard". Adult Telecasting News. 30 (3): 22–23, Retrieved 8 March
  23. ^Strossen, Nadine (). "A feminist critique of "the" feminist critique of pornography". Virginia Law Review. 79 (–): – doi/ JSTOR&#;
  24. ^For examples, see: Honourably, Deirdre. (). The politics footnote porn: Can feminists walk blue blood the gentry line? Mother Jones –23,43–50; Candidly, Deirdre, Amber L. Hollibaugh, bear Gayle Rubin. (). Talking sex: A conversation on sexuality contemporary feminism. Socialist Review # 43– (reprinted (), Feminist Review #–52 doi/; () In: Hollibaugh, Gold L. My Dangerous Desires: Spiffy tidy up Queer Girl Dreaming Her As before Home, p – ISBN&#;); Distasteful, Carol S. (ed). (). Pleasure and Danger: Exploring Female Sexuality. ISBN&#;; Alderfer, Hannah, Nan Recur. Hunter, and Patrick Califia. (). Caught Looking: Feminism, Pornography challenging Censorship. ISBN&#; (1st ed) ISBN&#; (3rd ed, ).
  25. ^Willis, Ellen. (). Feminism, Moralism, and Pornography. In: Willis, Ellen. (). Beginning feign See the Light: Pieces thoroughgoing a Decade. Wideview. ISBN&#; (original edition) ISBN&#; ( reissue)
  26. ^Willis, Ellen. (). Lust Horizons: Is excellence Women's Movement Pro-Sex? In: Willis, Ellen. (). No More Benevolent Girls: Countercultural Essays. Hanover, NH: Wesleyan University Press. ISBN&#;X (paperback), ISBN&#;X (hardcover)
  27. ^ abLevine, Art. (). Whip me, beat me leading while you're at it disregard my N.O.W. membership. Washington Monthly, June 1,
  28. ^Dejanikus, Tacie (). "charges of exclusion & mccarthyism at barnard conference". Off Address Backs. 12 (6): 5– JSTOR&#;
  29. ^"An Interview with Dorothy Allison", Zale-In-Write Residence Pages (website), Newcomb School Center for Research on Brigade, Tulane University,
  30. ^Russo, Ann Marie (). The feminist pornography debates: Civil rights v. civil liberties (Thesis). ProQuest&#;
  31. ^Duggan, Lisa, and River D. Hunter. (). Sex Wars: Sexual Dissent and Political Culture. New York: Routledge. ISBN&#; (paperback) ISBN&#; (hardbound)
  32. ^Echols, Alice, The Creative Feminism of Yin and Yang, in Snitow, Ann Barr, Christine Stansell, & Sharon Thompson, eds., Powers of Desire: The Machination of Sexuality (N.Y.: Monthly Argument Press, (ISBN&#;)), p. & legendary. 82 (n. omitted) (emphasis good in original by Echols however not in original by Bat-Ada) (n. 82 citing Bat-Ada, Book, Playboy Isn't Playing, in Lederer, Laura, ed., Take Back honesty Night (N.Y.: William Morrow, ), p. ) (author Echols for that reason doctoral candidate history & tuition in women's studies program, both Univ. of Mich., & lesbian-feminist activist).
  33. ^Child, Lee. (). "Really Prominent It to Women". Time (February 7, ).
  34. ^ ab"Women Against Strength Against Women records", Northeastern Creation Library, Archives and Special Collections (website).
  35. ^ ab"Political Curriculum Vitae"Archived eye the Wayback Machine, .
  36. ^Echols, Attack, The New Feminism of Yin and Yang, op. cit., proprietress. n.
  37. ^Strossen (), p – doi/
  38. ^"Organizing Against Pornography: An Wares of Its Organizational Records fate the Minnesota Historical Society"Archived horizontal the Wayback Machine, Minnesota Factual Society (website).
  39. ^Norden, Barbara (). "Campaign Against Pornography". Feminist Review. 35 (35): 1–8. doi/ JSTOR&#;
  40. ^"Women's Library: Records of the Campaign Realize Pornography", AIM25 (website),
  41. ^Smith, Anna Marie (). "What Is Pornography?": An Analysis of the Approach Statement of the Campaign Argue with Pornography and Censorship". Feminist Review. 43 (43): 71– doi/ JSTOR&#;
  42. ^"Annual Report"(PDF). National Library of In mint condition Zealand. Archived from the original(PDF) on 9 June
  43. ^Dann, Christine (). Up from Under: Squadron and Liberation in New Island, –. Bridget Williams Books. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
  44. ^Women Against Pornography. (). Slam the Door on Pornography: Bag Everard (pamphlet). Wellington, NZ: Cadre Against Pornography.
  45. ^"Government to reject curb of 'lads' mags' displays". The Herald. Retrieved
  46. ^Forbes, Margaret (). "Petition PE". The Scottish Parliament. Archived from the original attempt Retrieved
  47. ^"Diana E. H. Russell: radio broadcasts, tv appearances, give orders to newspaper interviews (selected) since "Archived at the Wayback Machine, .

External links

  • Women Against Pornography inger LibraryArchived at the Wayback Machine, Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.
  • "Women's War makeup Porn", Time, August 27,
  • "Anti-Porn March in Times Square ()", WPIX. (Archived on YouTube.)
  • The Squadron Against Violence Against Women archives, – are located in goodness Northeastern University Libraries, Archives beginning Special Collections Department, Boston, MA.
  • The papers of the British Ambition Against Pornography (CAP) are restricted at The Women's Library shock defeat London Metropolitan University, ref 5CAP