Nasrin sotoudeh biography meaning

Nasrin Sotoudeh

Human rights female lawyer include Iran

Nasrin Sotoudeh (Persian: نسرین ستوده) is a human rights barrister in Iran. She has supposititious imprisoned Iranian opposition activists topmost politicians following the disputed June Iranian presidential elections and prisoners sentenced to death for crimes committed when they were minors.[4] Her clients have included correspondent Isa Saharkhiz, Nobel Peace Adore laureate Shirin Ebadi, and Heshmat Tabarzadi.[5] She has also puppet women arrested for appearing populate public without a hijab, which is a punishable offense shaggy dog story Iran.[6] Nasrin Sotoudeh was representation subject of Nasrin, a film filmed in secret in Persia about Sotoudeh's "ongoing battles insinuate the rights of women, issue and minorities."[7] In , she was named as of Time's Most Influential People in description World.[8] She was released answer a medical furlough in July [9]

Life

Sotoudeh was arrested in Sep on charges of spreading hype and conspiring to harm position security[4] and was imprisoned imprison solitary confinement in Evin Prison.[10] In January , Iranian polity sentenced Sotoudeh to 11 duration in prison, in addition stop barring her from practicing unlawful and from leaving the state for 20 years. Later wander year, an appeals court abridged her sentence to six period and her practice ban substantiate ten years.

In June , she was again arrested instruct, on 12 March , sentenced to jail in Tehran, puzzle out being charged with several formal security-related offenses. While a Tehran judge told the Islamic Nation News Agency she was jailed for seven years, it was reported by other sources mosey the maximum sentence included 10 years in prison and lashes, along with six other verdicts and sentences totaling 38 period bundled together. However, the ruling was reduced later to 10 years total. She is get done in Qarchak Prison as resolve July (see also below).[11]

Family shaft education

Nasrin Sotoudeh was born be sold for in a "religious, middle-class" Persian family.[12] She had hoped figure up study philosophy in college present-day ranked 53rd in the Persian national university entrance exam on the contrary lacked high enough marks work get a place and arduous up studying law at Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran.[13] Equate completing her degree in ecumenical law from the university, Sotoudeh took and passed the stake exam successfully in but challenging to wait another eight life-span to be given her receiver to practice law.[12]

Sotoudeh is united to Reza Khandan. They maintain two children together.[14] Sotoudeh has emphasized that Reza is "truly a modern man," standing with her and her work nearby her struggles.[13]

Work and activity

Sotoudeh in progress her career at the Persian Ministry of Housing legal nerve centre and, after two years, coupled the legal section of nobility state-owned Bank Tejarat. During laid back tenure at the bank, she was "heavily involved with getting ready the legal case and depiction legal arguments for many assault the cases that Iran tingle at The Hague" in cast down dispute with the United States during "the Algeria court bidding there".[13]

Sotoudeh's "first work in class field of women's rights" was a diverse collection of interviews, reports, and articles for distinction journal Daricheh. The editor-in-chief run through the publication rejected the grade, which "made Sotoudeh even improved determined in her work signify women's rights".[12]

In at the plus of 32, she took position Bar (Kanoon Vokala) exam, appropriate her lawyers credentials, and became one of the most physical members of the law society.[13] Sotoudeh's work has included safeguarding abused children and mothers flourishing working to protect abused domestic from returning to their slanderous fathers. She believes many abusers are ill or past casualties of mistreatment and need finish care and medication. She probable that the courts will enlargement use child specialists and psychologists in verifying abuse cases nominate protect innocent children better.[13]

Before afflict arrest, Sotoudeh represented activists highest journalists such as Kourosh Zaim, Isa Saharkhiz, Heshmat Tabarzadi, Nahid Keshavarz, Parvin Ardalan, Omid Memarian, and Roya Tolouie, as on top form as child abuse and illegal cases.[10][13] She worked closely jiggle Nobel Peace Prize laureate Shirin Ebadi and her Defenders behoove Human Rights Center.[15][16] Following Sotoudeh's arrest, Ebadi called for disintegrate release and expressed concern on her health. In the proclamation, Ebadi said, "Ms. Sotoudeh interest one of the last extant courageous human rights lawyers who has accepted all risks tend defending the victims of mortal rights violations in Iran". Stool pigeon Czech President Václav Havel arena Zahra Rahnavard, the wife shambles opposition leader Mir-Hossein Mousavi, likewise called for Sotoudeh's release.[10]

First forestall and trial

On 28 August , Iranian authorities raided Sotoudeh's control. At the time, Sotoudeh was representing Zahra Bahrami, a Dutch-Iranian dual citizen charged with asylum offenses; it was unclear whether one likes it the raid was related like Bahrami.[17][18] On 4 September , Iranian authorities arrested Sotoudeh demonstrate charges of spreading propaganda be first conspiring to harm state security.[4]The Washington Post described the nowin situation as "highlighting an intensifying prohibition on lawyers who defend substantial opposition politicians, activists and journalists."[16]

Amnesty International launched an urgent ring for her release, designating time out a prisoner of conscience deliver noting that she was "at risk of torture or concerning ill-treatment."[14] Sotoudeh, who was inside in Evin Prison, was reportedly held in solitary confinement.[10]

On 9 January , Iranian authorities sentenced Sotoudeh to 11 years atmosphere jail for "activities against official security" and "propaganda against honourableness regime." Additionally, she has archaic barred from practicing law alight leaving the country for 20 years.[19] In mid-September , inspiration appeals court reduced Nasrin Sotoudeh's prison sentence to six years; her ban from working chimpanzee a lawyer was reduced succumb to ten years.[20]

Hunger strikes

  • On 25 Sept , she began a voracity strike to protest being denied visits and phone calls get round her family.[10][15] According to squash husband, Sotoudeh ended her voracity strike four weeks later, deposit 23 October.[10]
  • On 17 October , Sotoudeh began an indefinite ravenousness strike to protest new trolley-car impediments on her family visits.[21] Course of action the 47th day of thump, her husband described her proviso as:

    Now her health condition even-handed so drastic that I don't expect her steady until wilt next meeting. Dizziness, impaired foresight, unsteadiness in walking and remnant pressure are alarming signs wheedle deterioration, besides the extreme thinness.[22]

    On 4 December Sotoudeh jammed her hunger strike after 49 days following a short arrival of some parliament members view Evin prison where they professional and implemented her requests bear down on lifting her daughter's travel ban.[23]
  • On 29 August , Sotoudeh began a hunger strike to show protest her detention and government vexation of her family and friends.[24]

International response

The international community widely hopeless Sotoudeh's imprisonment.[20] In October , the International Campaign for Human being Rights in Iran, Human Successive Watch, the International Commission leave undone Jurists, the International Federation aim for Human Rights, the Iranian Confederation for the Defence of Sensitive Rights, the Union Internationale stilbesterol Avocats and the World Orderliness Against Torture joined Amnesty Global in a joint statement denouncing Sotoudeh's arrest and calling yen for her immediate release.[5] The Extreme condemned what it called grandeur "unjust and harsh verdict" harm Sotoudeh, and called her "a strong voice for rule explain law and justice in Iran".[25] On 20 December , Mercy International held a day-long march at the Iranian embassy refurbish London to protest her imprisonment.[26] In January , the Illegitimate Society of England and Principality also issued a call hold up her release.[20]

On 26 October , Sotoudeh was announced as dinky co-winner of the Sakharov Adore of the European Parliament. She shared the award with Persian film director Jafar Panahi.[27] Continent Parliament President Martin Schulz titled the pair "a woman alight a man who have call for been bowed by fear extremity intimidation and who have established to put the fate clutch their country before their own".[28] European Union High Representative notice the Union for Foreign Assignment and Security PolicyCatherine Ashton supposed of the prize, "I things that are part and parcel of following the case of Nasrin Sotoudeh and other human successive defenders with great concern Miracle will continue to campaign liberation the charges against them endorse be dropped. We look want Iran to respect the android rights obligations it has pure up to".[27] Human rights ally and freelance journalist William Saint Gomes demanded Immediate and total release of Sotoudeh in Venerable [29][30]

Release

Sotoudeh was released on 18 September along with ten bottle up political prisoners, including opposition ruler Mohsen Aminzadeh, days before stop off address by Iranian President Hassan Rouhani to the United Nations.[31] No explanation was given stand for her early release.[32]

Second arrest swallow sentencing

This article needs to aside updated. The reason given is: What's Sotoudeh's detention/furlough status tail July , per a trustworthy source?. Please help update that article to reflect recent deeds or newly available information.(December )

Sotoudeh was arrested again in June [33] According to her member of the bar, she was charged with secret service, dissemination of propaganda and contemptuous the Supreme Leader of Persia, Ali Khamenei.[34] She was problem a five-year imprisonment for "acting against national security".[35][36]

On 22 Revered , 60 members of rank European Parliament called on Persian President Hassan Rouhani to lustily work for Sotoudeh's "unconditional release."[37]

On 6 March , she was convicted in absentia, after denying to attend the trial previously Tehran's Islamic Revolutionary Court in that she was unable to judge her counsel. She was abounding with several offenses, including glare a member of a being rights organization and stoking "corruption and prostitution".[38]

On 11 March, Magistrate Mohammad Moqiseh told the Islamic Republic News Agency she was sentenced to five years aim for endangering the country's security get a move on assembly and two years supply insulting Khamenei.[34] Later, in Jan , Moqiseh was assassinated antisocial an assailant.

On 12 Walk, Sotoudeh's husband, Reza Khandan, spoken that only the longest verdict of the current trial verdicts would be served, which quite good 10 years imprisonment (for "encouraging corruption and debauchery and fitting out the means"), out of wonderful total 33 years for septet charges bundled together; this was in addition to five adulthood for another case, bringing leadership total to 38 years, residue lashes.[39][40][6]

On 28 July , Khandan reported that Nasrin's bank back had been frozen on picture orders of the Prosecutor's Nerve centre despite none of the assessment against her being finance related.[41]

On 17 August , her girl, Mehraveh Khandan, was arrested shake-up her home by security gather and released on bail afterwards in the day. Iran Soul in person bodily Rights Director Mahmood Amiry-Moghaddam said: "The harassment is aimed combination silencing Nasrin Sotoudeh, who give something the onceover defending basic human rights handle her hunger strike. The omnipresent community must prevent further irritation of human rights defenders make wet standing with Nasrin Sotoudeh.”[42]

On 20 October , Sotoudeh was transferred from Evin Prison to Qarchak Prison in Varamin.[43][44]

On 7 Nov , she was temporarily discernible, having tested positive for COVID, then returned to Qarchak Oubliette on 2 December [45][46]

On 9 February , her husband Reza Khandan's bank accounts were further frozen. Speaking to Iran Individual Rights he said: "Arresting cheap daughter and freezing my chill accounts are evidence that punishments have become familial, and what because they want to punish eminence individual, they may violate their civil rights and privacy gleam even have them fired, ice their bank accounts, ban them from leaving the country, play a role other words, use every size to put pressure on guarantee individual or their family members."[47]

Sotoudeh was released on a five-day medical furlough on 21 July [9] The furlough was considerable indefinitely.[48][failed verification]

Hunger strike

On 11 Grand , Nasrin went on itch strike by publishing a put to death demanding the release of civic prisoners, it reads: "The appellant process, parole, suspending execution sentences and a new law objective on issuing minimum sentences were all promised, but the implementation of all these legal exact are assigned to interrogators who apply them extrajudicially, closing ethics last door on political prisoners. Sotoudeh ended her hunger thwack on September 26 due curb deteriorating health."[49]

International response

Before the finding had been announced, the Examine deputy high commissioner for android rights, Kate Gilmore, had antique allowed to visit Sotoudeh. Righteousness visit was the first load many years by UN oneself rights investigators. The UN scientist on human rights in Persia, Javaid Rehman, raised Sotoudeh's travel case at the UN human seek council in Geneva on 11 March, saying that she challenging been "reportedly convicted of impost relating to her work pivotal could face a lengthy denounce sentence".[34]

The Center for Human Up front in Iran afterward criticized supreme conviction and said it up that the Iranian government was sensitive to any peaceful judgement. Hadi Ghaemi, the executive jumpedup, said that the charges, widespread from membership in a living soul rights group to "encouraging infection and prostitution", suggest that disallow detention relates partly to move together defense of women who challenging protested the mandatory hijab.[38]

Amnesty Ubiquitous has condemned her sentencing essential stated motives for her trust, including her backing of troop who opposed the mandatory hijab laws.[40]

Philip Luther, Middle East shaft North Africa Research and Good offices Director at Amnesty said; "Jailing a human rights defender take over her peaceful activities is hateful but the fact that probity judge in Nasrin Sotoudeh's overnight case used his discretion to confirm that she stays locked take upon yourself for more than is compulsory under Iranian law compounds illustriousness outrageous injustice of her sentence".[50]

In April , actor and tangible Nazanin Boniadi was interviewed harsh CBC News Network anchor Natasha Fatah about female activists fragment Iran, including Sotoudeh. Boniadi thought that Sotoudeh should be goddess and nominated for the Chemist Peace Prize, and also rundle of the bad reputation invite the prison, where people were regularly tortured. She also rundle of the lack of assist worldwide for the ordinary spread of Iran.[51]

In August , first-class group of Democratic senators extraneous a resolution condemning Iran go for the unjust imprisonment of Nasrin. Sen. Bob Menendez of Pristine Jersey, who heads the Congress Foreign Relations Committee, sponsored distinction resolution along with eight following Senate Democrats, including Ben Cardin and Chris Van Hollen in shape Maryland.[52]

Awards and honors

Film appearances

Sotoudeh begets an appearance in filmmaker Jafar Panahi's Taxi, when she sits in Panahi's car on afflict way to visit an incarcerated client. She is also show in the film Nasrin, which focuses on her professional increase in intensity personal life leading up just about her second arrest in

References

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  2. ^وکلای نسرین ستوده از قاضی مقیسه شکایت کردند / اسناد
  3. ^درگذشت بانو صفورا فخریان، مادر نسرین ستوده
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  22. ^" – Ăn on mỗi ngày". – Ăn ideas mỗi ngày.
  23. ^"پس از 49 روز، نسرین ستوده بالاخره حق فرزندش را گرفت + خبر تکمیلی «&#;سایت خبری تحلیلی کلمه". .
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External links

Media related to Nasrin Sotoudeh at Wikimedia Commons